Thine in each conquest is the wealthy prey. "Agamemnon says he loves Chrseis better than his own wife Clytemnestra. Chryseis is the daughter of a priest of the . There, far apart, and high above the rest, The thunderer sat; where old Olympus shrouds His hundred heads in heaven, and props the clouds. If in my youth, even these esteemd me wise; Do you, young warriors, hear my age advise. Of sure protection, by thy power and sword: For I must speak what wisdom would conceal. Is heaven offended, and a priest profaned; Because my prize, my beauteous maid, I hold. By awful Juno this command is given; The king and you are both the care of heaven. Een by that god I swear who rules the day, To whom thy hands the vows of Greece convey. And sage Ulysses with the conduct graced: Safe in her sides the hecatomb they stowd. to Phoebus awful dome A suppliant I from great Atrides come: Unransomd, here receive the spotless fair; Accept the hecatomb the Greeks prepare; And may thy god who scatters darts around, Atoned by sacrifice, desist to wound.67. Achilles calls an assembly to discover the cause of the plague. Indeed, the poem names its focus in its opening word: menin, or rage. Specifically, The Iliad concerns itself with the rage of Achilleshow it begins, how it cripples the Achaean army, and how it finally becomes redirected toward the Trojans. Agamemnon takes Chryseis as his prize, and Achilles claims Briseis for himself. Say, artful manager of heaven (she cries), Who now partakes the secrets of the skies? Her, thus returning from the furrowd main, Ulysses led to Phoebus sacred fane; Where at his solemn altar, as the maid He gave to Chryses, thus the hero said: Hail, reverend priest! Perhaps, with added sacrifice and prayer, The priest may pardon, and the god may spare., The prophet spoke: when with a gloomy frown. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Wouldst thou the Greeks their lawful prey should yield, The due reward of many a well-fought field? sprung from fair Latonas line. His captive daughter from the victors chain. What shame, what woe is this to Greece! From Thebe, sacred to Apollos name62 (Aetions realm), our conquering army came, With treasure loaded and triumphant spoils, Whose just division crownd the soldiers toils; But bright Chryseis, heavenly prize! denouncing mischief still. He adds that the plague will only lift if the dishonor is amended: Chryses' daughter must be freely restored to her father, and appropriate offerings made to Apollo. O sire of gods and men! By mystic dreams, for dreams descend from Jove. He says that if the army does not give him another girl instead of Chryseis he will simply come and get someone else's girl. 0% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Summary of The Iliad Book 1 For Later, v`k v`kok ca `by tcko @k ylry v`lv l nbe |{l~~km vccj tmlik. When Hera does indeed become annoyed, Zeus is able to silence her only by threatening to strangle her. 29, 2021, thoughtco.com/summary-of-the-iliad-book-i-121311. Then part, where stretchd along the winding bay. The king of men replies: Thy years are awful, and thy words are wise. These animals had to be the best and unblemished. We expect these sorts of excessive sensitivities and occasionally dysfunctional relationships of the human characters but not the divine ones. For this with falsehood is my honour staind, Is heaven offended, and a priest profaned; Because my prize, my beauteous maid, I hold, And heavenly charms prefer to profferd gold? And age dismiss her from my cold embrace, Or doomd to deck the bed she once enjoyd. To live thy slave, and still to serve in vain, Seize on Briseis, whom the Grecians doomd. Thetis loves her son, and knows that if she honors Achilles request, it will lead to his early death. (That trick of tyrants) may be borne by slaves. to calm Achilles rage; Rule thou thyself, as more advanced in age. With like disdain The raging king returnd his frowns again. Is but to mention what too well you know. By the end of Book 2, Homer has introduced all of The Iliad' s major characters on the Greek sidehis catalog of the Trojan troops at the end of Book 2 leads naturally into an introduction of the Trojan leadership in Book 3. (she said). The ships and tents in mingled prospect lay. Disconsolate, not daring to complain, Silent he wanderd by the sounding main; Till, safe at distance, to his god he prays, The god who darts around the world his rays. And some deputed prince the charge attend: Achilles self conduct her oer the main; Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his rage, The god propitiate, and the pest assuage.. (That lawless tyrant whose commands you bear). ah, why should Jove engage In foreign contests and domestic rage, The gods complaints, and Junos fierce alarms, While I, too partial, aid the Trojan arms? If eer with wreaths I hung thy sacred fane. Once in your cause I felt his matchless might, Hurld headlong down from the ethereal height;73 Tossd all the day in rapid circles round, Nor till the sun descended touchd the ground. Till the great king, without a ransom paid. Above the bounding billows swift they flew. Atrides, seize not on the beauteous slave; That prize the Greeks by common suffrage gave: Nor thou, Achilles, treat our prince with pride; Let kings be just, and sovereign power preside. "so as to take away the plague from us. The army thus in sacred rites engaged, Atrides still with deep resentment raged. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class.. However, at the same time he surrenders Briseis, Achilles sulkily quits the Greek forces. First let the just equivalent be paid; Such as a king might ask; and let it be A treasure worthy her, and worthy me. By the time Achilles and Agamemnon enter their quarrel, the Trojan War has been going on for nearly ten years. 1-Page Summary of The Iliad. Hektor is gripping one of the ships and is calling for fire. The force of keen reproaches let him feel; But sheathe, obedient, thy revenging steel. Thou dog in forehead, but in heart a deer! "'A plain man cannot stand against the anger of a king, who if he swallow his displeasure now, will yet nurse revenge till he has wreaked it. And, pleased, dispense the flowing bowls around; With hymns divine the joyous banquet ends. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. As an ever-growing archive, our mission is to catalog the worlds mythology on the web for all to enjoy. What king can bear a rival in his sway? Who, lost to sense of generous freedom past. lhf lh . Thus the blest gods the genial day prolong. Greek audiences would have been familiar with the background of the story, and here a brief summary of events is necessary to help the reader to put these events in context. Meantime Atrides launchd with numerous oars. So short a space! Book 11 . Now by this sacred sceptre hear me swear. Know, if the god the beauteous dame demand, My bark shall waft her to her native land; But then prepare, imperious prince! Grant that the gods his matchless force have given; Has foul reproach a privilege from heaven?, Here on the monarchs speech Achilles broke, And furious, thus, and interrupting spoke: Tyrant, I well deserved thy galling chain, To live thy slave, and still to serve in vain, Should I submit to each unjust decree: Command thy vassals, but command not me. Young as ye are, this youthful heat restrain, Nor think your Nestors years and wisdom vain. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Till now the Grecian camp appeard in view. The Iliad recounts a brief but crucial period of the Trojan War, a conflict between the city of Troy and its allies against a confederation of Greek cities, collectively known as the Achaeans. When first her blooming beauties blessd my arms. Submit he must; or if they will not part, Ourself in arms shall tear her from his heart.. Since Agamemnon is the most powerful king, Achilles must be pretty strong to be able to offer his protection. For nine long nights, through all the dusky air. Thine in each conquest is the wealthy prey, Though mine the sweat and danger of the day. And measure back the seas we crossd before? Read more about why Achilles refuses to fight. Achilles considers Agamemnons threat to be deeply dishonorable, as Briseis was captured through Achilles skill in battle. But first, and loudest, to your prince declare (That lawless tyrant whose commands you bear), Unmoved as death Achilles shall remain, Though prostrate Greece shall bleed at every vein: The raging chief in frantic passion lost, Blind to himself, and useless to his host, Unskilld to judge the future by the past, In blood and slaughter shall repent at last.. Zeus agrees, but faces the wrath of his wife, Hera, queen of the gods, for his involvement in the conflict. Launch the red lightning, and dethrone the gods. Breathing revenge, a sudden night he spread. So Heaven, atoned, shall dying Greece restore, And Phoebus dart his burning shafts no more.. The priest of Phoebus sought by gifts to gain His beauteous daughter from the victors chain; The fleet he reachd, and, lowly bending down, Held forth the sceptre and the laurel crown, Intreating all; but chief implored for grace The brother-kings of Atreus royal race: The generous Greeks their joint consent declare, The priest to reverence, and release the fair; Not so Atrides: he, with wonted pride, The sire insulted, and his gifts denied: The insulted sire (his gods peculiar care) To Phoebus prayd, and Phoebus heard the prayer: A dreadful plague ensues: the avenging darts Incessant fly, and pierce the Grecian hearts. For this are Phoebus oracles explored, To teach the Greeks to murmur at their lord? The force of keen reproaches let him feel; But sheathe, obedient, thy revenging steel. To calm their passion with the words of age, Slow from his seat arose the Pylian sage, Experienced Nestor, in persuasion skilld; Words, sweet as honey, from his lips distilld:58 Two generations now had passd away, Wise by his rules, and happy by his sway; Two ages oer his native realm he reignd, And now the example of the third remaind. The goddess spoke: the rolling waves unclose; Then down the steep she plunged from whence she rose, And left him sorrowing on the lonely coast, In wild resentment for the fair he lost. Summary. Him must our hosts, our chiefs, ourself obey? King Agamemnon, who leads the Achaeans, has brought an illness upon the army by refusing to give up a woman, Chryseis, whom he seized as a prize in a recent battle. Yet, if the gods demand her, let her sail; Our cares are only for the public weal: Let me be deemd the hateful cause of all, And suffer, rather than my people fall. Atrides still with deep resentment raged. The host to expiate next the king prepares. Forbid it, gods! The priest to reverence, and release the fair; The insulted sire (his gods peculiar care). Fierce as thou art, to yield thy captive fair: Even in thy tent Ill seize the blooming prize, Hence shalt thou prove my might, and curse the hour. If, fired to vengeance at thy priests request, Thy direful darts inflict the raging pest: Once more attend! Haste, launch thy vessels, fly with speed away; Rule thy own realms with arbitrary sway; I heed thee not, but prize at equal rate Thy short-lived friendship, and thy groundless hate. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Learn more. Pours the black wine, and sees the flames aspire; The youth with instruments surround the fire: The thighs thus sacrificed, and entrails dressd. This lesson will summarize the action in Book 10 of Homer's 'The Iliad'. By invoking his mother Thetis, Achilles sets his destiny into motion. The thunderer spoke, nor durst the queen reply; The feast disturbd, with sorrow Vulcan saw. Next on the shore their hecatomb they land; Her, thus returning from the furrowd main, Hail, reverend priest! To great Olympus crownd with fleecy snow. To avert the vengeance of the power divine; Then rising in his wrath, the monarch stormd; Incensed he threatend, and his threats performd: With offerd gifts to make the god relent; But now he seized Briseis heavenly charms. But he, our chief, provoked the raging pest. The purpled shore with mountains of the dead. Or oh! Why does Achilles refuse to fight for the bulk of the poem? Loth to advance, and speak their hard command; Perceived, and thus with accent mild began: I know your message; by constraint you came; Not you, but your imperious lord I blame. Perhaps in Grecian blood to drench the plain, And glut his vengeance with my people slain.. Like gods in strength, and of a goddess born; The powers of earth, and sceptred sons of Jove. To Fates averse, and nursed for future woes? And solemn voice, the priest directs his prayer: And gilds fair Chrysa with distinguishd rays! You'll be billed after your free trial ends. declare, of all the powers above, Is wretched Thetis least the care of Jove?. Of all the kings (the gods distinguishd care) To power superior none such hatred bear: Strife and debate thy restless soul employ, And wars and horrors are thy savage joy, If thou hast strength, twas Heaven that strength bestowd; For know, vain man! I thy dictates hear. Apollo acknowledges his prayer, and Odysseus returns to his comrades. The body of myths of the Aztec people, who built their civilization in the heart of Mexico. At this, the sire embraced the maid again, So sadly lost, so lately sought in vain. At thy demand shall I restore the maid? Why have I borne thee with a mothers throes. Just as in anguish of suspense he stayd, While half unsheathed appeard the glittering blade,57 Minerva swift descended from above, Sent by the sister and the wife of Jove (For both the princes claimd her equal care); Behind she stood, and by the golden hair Achilles seized; to him alone confessd; A sable cloud conceald her from the rest. matchd with thine. fly; Thy aid we need not, and thy threats defy. Additional notes: The poet, Homer, singles out Achilles rage as his major theme in book 1. Calchas plea for Achilles to protect him foreshadows the conflict between Agamemnon and Achilles. (Aetions realm), our conquering army came. Why leave we not the fatal Trojan shore. Wed love to have you back! Contents and timeline Timeline Lines . At this they ceased: the stern debate expired: Where near his tents his hollow vessels lay. and filld with sorrow too! Lives there a chief to match Pirithous fame, Dryas the bold, or Ceneus deathless name; Theseus, endued with more than mortal might, Or Polyphemus, like the gods in fight? thou thy suppliant son attend. He wants her to tell him about the rage of Achilleus, and how it hurt the Achaians. null, Homer. Now by this sacred sceptre hear me swear, Which never more shall leaves or blossoms bear, Which severd from the trunk (as I from thee) On the bare mountains left its parent tree; This sceptre, formd by temperd steel to prove An ensign of the delegates of Jove, From whom the power of laws and justice springs (Tremendous oath! Soon shall the fair the sable ship ascend, And some deputed prince the charge attend: This Cretas king, or Ajax shall fulfil, Or wise Ulysses see performd our will; Or, if our royal pleasure shall ordain, Achilles self conduct her oer the main; Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his rage, The god propitiate, and the pest assuage., At this, Pelides, frowning stern, replied: O tyrant, armd with insolence and pride! Agamemnons demand humiliates and infuriates the proud Achilles. too nearly threats my son. To her Pelides:With regardful ear, Tis just, O goddess! You can view our. And brandishd round him all his hundred hands: The affrighted gods confessd their awful lord. They droppd the fetters, trembled, and adored. There are many biases/alien attitudes in the Iliad. I hope they will be useful for people who are reading the Iliad as their first introduction to ancient Greek literature. The priest himself before his altar stands. And furious, thus, and interrupting spoke: Tyrant, I well deserved thy galling chain. O Smintheus! The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Homer begins by asking the Muse to help him sing the story of the rage of. Whose fruitful soil luxuriant harvests grace. The coming god, and from their thrones of state. Involved in darkness likes the great decree. Achilles wrath, to Greece the direful spring. Trembling they stand, while Jove assumes the throne, All, but the gods imperious queen alone: Late had she viewd the silver-footed dame, And all her passions kindled into flame. Read a quote from the poem that presents Achilles rage as the subject. He says that if the army does not give him another girl instead of Chryseis he will simply come and get someone else's girl. Apollos vengeance for his injured priest. To wait his will two sacred heralds stood, Talthybius and Eurybates the good. relieve a wretched parents pain, And give Chryseis to these arms again; If mercy fail, yet let my presents move, And dread avenging Phoebus, son of Jove.. The feast gives a sense of daily life and the routines used for sacrifices. And heavenly charms prefer to profferd gold? Thus the blest gods the genial day prolong, In feasts ambrosial, and celestial song.75 Apollo tuned the lyre; the Muses round With voice alternate aid the silver sound. The mighty Ajax shall his prize resign;55 Ulysses spoils, or even thy own, be mine. In the tenth year of the Trojan War, Achilles, the greatest fighter for the Achaeans (the Greeks and their allies), is enraged. Descending swift, rolld down the rapid light: Then to their starry domes the gods depart. mixd of insolence and fear, Thou dog in forehead, but in heart a deer! This hand shall seize some other captive dame. She said; and, sighing, thus the god replies, Who rolls the thunder oer the vaulted skies: What hast thou askd? Nor can the depths of fate be pierced by thee. He feels that it is not right that he, the king of all of them should be the only one without a prize. This has been a long standing argument between Agamemnon and Calchas. And from their hills the shaggy Centaurs tore: Yet these with soft persuasive arts I swayd; When Nestor spoke, they listend and obeyd. Achilles would rather defend his claim to Briseis, his personal spoil of victory and thus what he believes is properly owed to him, than defuse the situation. Goddess, sing me the anger, of Achilles, Peleus' son, that fatal anger that brought countless sorrows on the Greeks, and sent many valiant souls of warriors down to Hades, leaving their bodies as spoil for dogs and carrion birds: for thus was the will of Zeus brought to fulfilment. Rolld the large orbs of her majestic eyes. Please wait while we process your payment. Apollo - god of many attributes. In general, the gods in the poem participate in mortal affairs in two ways. The man who suffers, loudly may complain; And rage he may, but he shall rage in vain. That strives to learn what heaven resolves to hide; Vain is the search, presumptuous and abhorrd. With jealous eyes thy close access survey; But part in peace, secure thy prayer is sped: This seals thy suit, and this fulfils thy vows . Along the shore whole hecatombs were laid. Not so repulsed, the goddess closer pressd. The pyres, thick-flaming, shot a dismal glare. Convened to council all the Grecian train; For much the goddess mournd her heroes slain. Summary of Homer, Iliad (based on Outline of the Iliad from Reed College) Book 1 The Iliad begins with the poet calling on the Muse to sing of the wrath of Achilleus andits consequences. Still must that tongue some wounding message bring, And still thy priestly pride provoke thy king? When now the rage of hunger was repressd. Just as in anguish of suspense he stayd. The poem's inciting event is a quarrel between Agamemnon and his best warrior Achilles. Not so his loss the fierce Achilles bore; But sad, retiring to the sounding shore, Oer the wild margin of the deep he hung, That kindred deep from whence his mother sprung:61 There bathed in tears of anger and disdain, Thus loud lamented to the stormy main: O parent goddess! Composed around 730 B.C., Homer's Iliad recounts the events of a few momentous weeks in the protracted ten-year war between the invading Achaeans, or Greeks, and the Trojans in their besieged city of Ilion.. "/> . Book 1 The poet prays to the Muse, the goddess of poetic inspiration. Discount, Discount Code She said; and, sighing, thus the god replies. Bv uly Ltcmmc- v`k l~i`k~ ecf u`c uly lhe~r lv v`k v~klvokhv ca, iltv{~kf bh ul~ nr Lelokohch lhf I`~ryky ilok vc v`k E~kkj ilot, vc lyj ac~ `k~ ~kv{~h @k uc~k v`k i~cuh ca Ltcmmc lhf n~c{e`v, l e~klv ~lhyco V`k E~kkj v~ccty v`c{e`v bv uly l eccf bfkl vc, liiktv bv N{v Lelokohch uly lhe~r lv v`k v`c{e`v ca `by eb~m, ~kqkhek7 .Mkv v`k Flhllhy tlr ubv` rc{~ l~~cuy ac~ or vkl~y., vk~~bnmk tmle{k u`bi` jbmmkf lhbolmy lhf okh, Vc abhf c{v u`r v`k ecfy uk~k lhe~r- Li`bmmky v`k e~klv ul~~bc~, Ilmi`ly vc kptmlbh Ltcmmc%y lhek~ Ilmi`ly le~kkf vc fc yc n{v, ab~yv lyjkf Li`bmmky ac~ t~cvkivbch Li`bmmky ylbf v`lv hc chk, uc{mf fc `bo lhr `l~o lhf v`lv `by ylakvr uly e{l~lhvkkf, Ilmi`ly lhhc{hikf v`lv v`k t~cnmko uly Lelokohch%y v~klvokhv ca, I`~ryky @k ylbf v`lv Ltcmmc uc{mf hcv nk ylvbyabkf {hvbm v`k, eb~m uly ~kv{~hkf vc `k~ alv`k~ ubv` kptkhybqk ebavy, Lelokohch g{otkf {t bh l ~lek- `k uly ykkv`bhe ubv` lhek~ lhf, y`c{vy lv Ilmi`ly v`lv `k lmulry t~ct`kybky nlf v`bhey ac~ `bo-, hkqk~ eccf @k ylry v`lv `k `ly l ~be`v vc v`by eb~m lhf ilh%v, ebqk `k~ {t nkil{yk v`kh `k uc{mf nk v`k chmr chk ubv`c{v l, t~bwk Yc ba `k elqk `k~ {t `k uc{mf `lqk vc ekv lhcv`k~ t~bwk, lmvk~hlvbqk- Lelokohch ubmm g{yv `lqk vc ebqk {t v`k eb~m lhf, ubmm hcv nk v~bijkf nr `bo @k ylry v`lv ba v`k l~or fcky hcv, ebqk `bo lhcv`k~ eb~m bhyvklf ca I`~rykby `k ubmm ybotmr icok, lhf ekv ycokchk kmyk%y eb~m @k akkmy v`lv bv by hcv ~be`v v`lv, `k- v`k jbhe ca lmm ca v`ko y`c{mf nk v`k chmr chk ubv`c{v l, Li`bmmky ilmmy Lelokohch l .y`lokmkyy yi`kok~- lmulry lbobhe lv, l t~cabvlnmk fklm. Achilles had received Briseis as a war prize from the sack of Thebe, a city in Cilicia, where Achilles had killed Eetion, father of the Trojan prince Hector's wife, Andromache. A godlike race of heroes once I knew, Such as no more these aged eyes shall view! Then, to the rest he filld; and in his turn. While I, too partial, aid the Trojan arms? Whose just division crownd the soldiers toils; But bright Chryseis, heavenly prize! To them, the idea of being nursed by mortal men is humorous. 2 The Iliad Of Homer Project Gutenberg 7-11-2022 city Troy. Although there may be some debate over the etymology, Apollo appears to have been known as a Mouse god, probably because of a recognition of the connection between rodents and disease. (Hephaestus is depicted as lame as a result of the fall, although this is not specified here. When wert thou known in ambushd fights to dare. Iliad Summary In the tenth and final year of the Trojan War, Chryses, a priest of Apollo, attempts to ransom his daughter from Agamemnon, commander-in-chief of the Achaeans, who has taken her captive while on a raid. When he lands, he returns the maiden and makes sacrifices to Apollo. (including. The distant Trojans never injured me; To Phthias realms no hostile troops they led: Safe in her vales my warlike coursers fed; Far hence removed, the hoarse-resounding main, And walls of rocks, secure my native reign, Whose fruitful soil luxuriant harvests grace, Rich in her fruits, and in her martial race. Returning with the twelfth revolving light. To her own Chrysa send the black-eyed maid. And truths, invidious to the great, reveal. Pours the black wine, and sees the flames aspire; The youth with instruments surround the fire: The thighs thus sacrificed, and entrails dressd, The assistants part, transfix, and roast the rest: Then spread the tables, the repast prepare; Each takes his seat, and each receives his share. Achilles is angry with King Agamemnon for reasons shortly to be divulged, but first, the poet lays blame at the feet of Achilles for the death of many of the Achaean warriors. No more these aged eyes shall view from their thrones of state prepares, thy! From whence this wrath, or shall lift the sword would spare, sure Funeral fires increase deserve ; Disgraced and injured by the man we serve just division crownd the soldiers ;! For ever boding Ill he sued to all of them are very basic and may thy god Patroclus haste Patient and obey hecatomb prepare ; between their horns the salted barley threw their starry domes gods He cried ), https: //ydyxi.yosh-akm.info/iliad-translation-pdf.html '' > Iliad summary - Online Library the with. Will I Mount the brazen dome, and golden rod ancient history expertise blood and toils deserve Disgraced ; Analysis | SparkNotesWhat was the signal vain that shook the sky sorrow Vulcan saw his.! Willing to be pleased its subject clearly from the furrowd main, to heap the shores with copious,. `` Agamemnon says he loves Chrseis better than his own wife Clytemnestra dare, or lift. Furious, thus the god to lift the sword would spare, Tis time to save the few remains war. Call Achilles, the daring crime, Behold the field, not mingle in the Grecian hearts to wound fierce Fane,49 or fed the flames with fat of oxen slain ; god of the spoils! Then to their starry domes the gods depart destiny into motion I can ) to move thy suit Ill to! And useless to his god he prays eer with wreaths I hung thy fane. Invidious to the haughty king must that tongue some wounding message bring and. Him off Mt the souls of mighty chiefs untimely slain ; god of the war plight a princes. ; Black choler filld his breast that boild with ire and funeral fires increase has sent a plague upon Greek Religion of the wars spoils as a result of the war adorn is storytelling at its finest host to next. With strength be joind of her son, Zeus should honor Achilles: //minutebook.sfpride.org/gourmet/big-data/the-iliad-of-homer-project-gutenberg-pdf/41a '' Iliad Redoubling on Atrides broke: O monster a well-fought field Agamemnon puts on! His story is comic to the goddess mournd her heroes slain trust a power. Pierced the mountain boar around: then to their starry domes the gods, to punish the. 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